Element Name: Magnesium
- Element Symbol: Mg
- Atomic Number: 12
- Group: Group 2
- Classification: Alkali Earth Metal
- Block: s-block
- Electron Configuration: [Ne]3s2
- Phase at STP: Solid
- Melting Point: 923 K (650 °C, 1202 °F)
- Boiling Point: 1363 K (1091 °C, 1994 °F)
- Density at STP: 1.738 g/cm3
- Oxidation States: +2, +1
- Electronegativity (Pauling Scale): 1.31
- Crystal Structure: Hexagonal Close-Packed
- Magnetic Ordering: Paramagnetic
- Discovery: Joseph Black (1755)
- First Isolation: Humphry Davy (1808)
Atomic Number: 12
"Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table: all group 2 elements have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure."
Recycled Interstellar Magnesium
"Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe. It is produced in large, aging stars from the sequential addition of three helium nuclei to a carbon nucleus. When such stars explode as supernovas, much of the magnesium is expelled into the interstellar medium where it may recycle into new star systems. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most common element in the Earth (after iron, oxygen and silicon), making up 13% of the planet's mass and a large fraction of the planet's mantle. It is the third most abundant element dissolved in seawater, after sodium and chlorine."