/* this program demonstrates formatted output using printf */

public class FormattingExamples
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		int x = 1234567890;
		double y = 123.456789;
		String z = "abcdefghij";		
		System.out.printf("%d\n", x);				// outputs x exactly:  1234567890
		System.out.printf("%5d\n", x);				// 5 is too small, outputs x exactly:  1234567890
		System.out.printf("%12d\n", x);				// adds 2 blanks, the number is right justified:  bb1234567890 (b means blank)
		System.out.printf("%20d\n", x);				// adds 8 blanks:  bbbbbbbb1234567890
		System.out.printf("%-20d\n", x);			// adds 8 blanks but to the right, so we don't see them:  1234567890bbbbbbbb
		System.out.printf("%-20d%20d\n", x, x);		// outputs x and 8 blanks then 8 blanks and x:  1234567890                    1234567890
		System.out.println("\n\n");					
		System.out.printf("%f\n", y);				// outputs y exactly:  123.456789
		System.out.printf("%e\n", y);				// outputs y in scientific notation:  1.234568e+02
		System.out.printf("%5.1f\n", y);			// outputs y to 1 decimal point:  123.5
		System.out.printf("%3.1f\n", y);			// 3 is too small, so does the same as 5.1:  123.5
		System.out.printf("%10.3f\n", y);			// 10 total characters including the . with 3 to the right of the . gives bbb123.457 (10 total characters, notice the fractional part rounds up)
		System.out.printf("%-10.2f%10.2f\n", y, y);	// Outputs:  123.46        123.46
		System.out.println("\n\n");
		System.out.printf("%s\n", z);				// outputs z exactly:  abcdefghij
		System.out.printf("%12s\n", z);				// outputs z with 2 extra blanks on the left:  bbabcdefghij
		System.out.printf("%-12s\n", z);			// left justifies so the 2 blanks are on the right (not visible):  abcdefghijbb
		System.out.printf("%-12s%12s\n", z, z);		// outputs z twice with 4 spaces between:  abcdefghij    abcdefghij
		System.out.printf("%5s\n", z);				// 5 is too small, get all of z:  abcdefghij
	}
}